Stack per sviluppare massa muscolare

[shorinryu]

Su arginina http://www.nutriline.org/arginine.htm

Su ZMA http://www.nutriline.org/zma.htm
---------------------------
Sul flax seed oil

ABSTRACTS

The rapid rate of postmenopausal bone loss is mediated by the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Dietary supplementation with flaxseeds and flaxseed oil in animals and healthy humans significantly reduces cytokine production while concomitantly increasing calcium absorption, bone calcium, and bone density. Possibilities may exist for the therapeutic use of the omega-3 fatty acids, as supplements or in the diet, to blunt the increase of the inflammatory bone resorbing cytokines produced in the early postmenopausal years, in order to slow the rapid rate of postmenopausal bone loss. Evidence also points to the possible benefit of gamma-linolenic acid in preserving bone density. (Kettler D, Altern Med Rev, 6(1): 61, 2001)

Results of many studies indicate that consumption of n-3 fatty acids can benefit persons with cardiovascular disease and rheumatoid arthritis. However, encapsulated fish oil is unlikely to be suited to lifetime daily use and recommendations to increase fish intake have not been effective. Foods naturally rich in n-3 fatty acids, such as flaxseed meal can be used to achieve desired biochemical effects without the ingestion of supplements or a change in dietary habits. A wide range of n-3-enriched foods could be developed on the basis of the therapeutic and disease-preventive effects of n-3 fatty acids. (Mantzioris E, et al, Am J Clin Nutr, 72(1): 42, 2000)

Many anti-inflammatory pharmaceuticals inhibit the production of eicosanoids and cytokines and it is here that possibilities exist for n-3 dietary fatty acids. Flaxseed oil contains n-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic acid which can be converted after ingestion to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), which can act as a competitive inhibitor of AA conversion to PGE(2) and LTB(4), and decreased synthesis of these is observed after inclusion of flaxseed oil in the diet. Regarding the pro-inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukins 1 beta, studies of healthy volunteers and rheumatoid arthritis patients have shown 90% inhibition of cytokine production after dietary flaxseed oil. (James M, et al, Am J Clin Nutr, 71(1 Suppl): 343S, 2000 )

It is essential in the process of returning n-3 fatty acids into the food supply that the balance of n-6/n-3 fatty acids in the diet that existed during evolution is maintained. Clinical investigations confirm the importance of n-3 fatty acids for normal function during growth and development and in the modulation of chronic diseases. Pregnant and lactating women and infants should benefit since their diet is deficient in n-3 fatty acids, especially for the vegetarians among them. Since cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and autoimmune, allergic, and neurological disorders appear to respond to n-3 fatty acid supplementation, a diet balanced in n-3 and n-6 fatty acids consistent with the diet during human evolution should decrease or delay their manifestation. (Simopoulos A, Lipids, 34, Suppl, 1999)

Human beings evolved consuming a diet that contained about equal amounts of n-3 and n-6 essential fatty acids. Over the past 100-150 years there has been an enormous increase in the consumption of n-6 fatty acids due to the increased intake of vegetable oils. Today, in Western diets, the ratio of n-6 to n-3 fatty acids ranges from approximately 20-30:1 instead of the traditional range of 1-2:1. Studies indicate that a high intake of n-6 fatty acids shifts the physiologic state to one that is prothrombotic and pro-aggregatory, characterized by increases in blood viscosity, vasospasm, and vasoconstriction and decreases in bleeding time. n-3 Fatty acids, however, have antiinflammatory, antithrombotic, antiarrhythmic, hypolipidemic, and vasodilatory properties. These beneficial effects of n-3 fatty acids have been shown in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and, in some patients with renal disease, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Most of the studies were carried out with fish oils [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)]. However, alpha-linolenic acid, found in green leafy vegetables (and especially) flaxseed, desaturates and elongates in the human body to EPA and DHA and by itself may have beneficial effects in health and in the control of chronic diseases. (Simopoulos A, Am J Clin Nutr, 70(3 Suppl) 1999)

Flaxseed, with 51-55% alpha-linolenic acid in its oil and its richest source of plant lignans, reduces hypercholesterolemic atherosclerosis by 46-69% without lowering serum lipids. (Prasad K, Atherosclerosis, 136(2): 367, 1998)


Use of flaxseed oil as a vegetative source of PUFA omega-3 in diet of patients with ischemic heart disease, hyperlipidemia and high blood pressure resulted in positive dynamic of clinical manifestation, blood lipids and coagulograms of the patient. Pronounced influence on membrane lipids of erythrocytes was revealed: significantly increased a quota an linolenic, eicosapentaenic and docosahexaenic PUFA against a background of reducing a level of linoleic acid. (Rozanova I, et al, Vopr Pitan, (5): 15, 1997)

The compliance or elasticity of the arterial system, an important index of circulatory function, diminishes with increasing cardiovascular risk. Dietary n-3 fatty acids in flax oil confer a novel approach to improving arterial function. (Nestel P et al, Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 17(6): 1163, 1997)

Naturally occurring polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are derived from (C18) linoleic and (alpha) linolenic acids, which cannot be synthesized by animals, but have to be derived directly or indirectly from plants. However, these acids are metabolised by animals from plants to form the omega 6 and omega 3 families of C20 and C22 PUFA and their physiologically powerful eicosanoids. The omega 6 eicosanoids generally produce such adverse effects as inflammation, clotting and promotion of cancer cell growth, and have an unfavourable influence on the immune system. In contrast, the omega 3 eicosanoids are anti-inflammatory, anti-clotting, retard the growth of cancer cells, and produce favourable effects on the immune system. The protective effects of omega 3 metabolites on coronary heart disease and cancer are relevant to the question of longevity. Polyunsaturated margarine is high in omega 6 fatty acids, and meat and milk products, high in omega 3 fatty acids, are however also high in cholesterol. (Shoreland F, Proc, Nutr Soc New Zealand, 17, CAB International, 1995) Flax bears the benefits without the risks.

[shorinryu]

Introduction

Flaxseed oil is a rich source of essential fatty acids (EFAs), particularly the omega-3 fatty acid alpha linolenic acid (ALNA). ALNA and linoleic acid (LA, an omega-6) are considered to be the two primary EFAs [1]. Other food sources rich in ALNA are some vegetable oils such as canola oil and soybean oil, walnuts, dairy products, beans, broccoli, and leafy greens. However, these sources generally do not contribute much ALNA to the diet, especially since soybean oil is usually partially hydrogenated, which decreases ALNA and increases trans fatty acid content [2]. Supplementation with flaxseed oil is a good way to increase the ALNA content of the diet, and multiple studies indicate that flaxseed or flaxseed oil favorably alters the tissue omega-6mega-3 ratio [3-5]. Flaxseeds also have additional components, such as lignan precursors, which may play a role in preventing breast and other cancers [6], but these are not found in appreciable amounts in commercial flaxseed oil products.

There are numerous reasons why increasing dietary omega-3 fatty acid content is important. First, body stores of LA are high and can last for quite some time compared to ALNA, and the oxidation rate of ALNA is also higher. Intake of LA usually far exceeds requirements, and this is not the case with ALNA [1]. An imbalance between intake of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids is very common, especially in Western European and American populations [7], and this imbalance has been implicated in cardiovascular disease, depression, cancer, diabetes, arthritis and other inflammatory conditions, and other disease states and conditions [7-9]. This article will place the focus on the role of dietary ALNA on body composition and cardiovascular disease and compare ALNA to the longer-chain n-3 PUFAs (LC-PUFAs), docosohexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA).

Arachidonic acid and lipogenesis

Arachidonic acid (AA) is an omega-6 fatty acid derived from LA. Although the conversion rate is low, the high intake of LA in most diets still affects AA concentrations [8]. Arachidonic acid is converted into specific leukotrienes, prostaglandins and thromboxanes, excessive production of which have been implicated in arthritis, asthma, cardiovascular disease, and other inflammatory disorders. Conversely, ALNA is metabolized into LC-PUFAs which competitively inhibit the AA cascade [7]. A role of EFA content in the diet on body fat is relatively well established in animals, although human research is still lacking. Dietary fats rich in ALNA and other omega-3's have both been reported to prevent adipose tissue development in rodents. Conversely, high tissue AA content has been implicated in promoting adipogenesis [10].

Arachidonic acid is a precursor to prostaglandin I2 (prostacyclin) via the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. Prostacyclin upregulates expression of two CCAAT-enhancer binding proteins, C/EBP-beta and C/EBP-delta, which then upregulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma); the functional consequence is that prostacyclin promotes adipogenesis in both rat and human preadipocytes. Prostacyclin also binds to PPAR-delta, and this may also lead to upregulation of PPAR-gamma. The fact that the adipogenic effect of AA can be reduced by COX inhibitors (such as aspirin) lends support to an important role in prostacyclin signalling in the development of adipose tissue. Dietary ALNA can decrease synthesis of AA from LA, through mechanisms such as competitive inhibition of the delta6 desaturase enzyme, and this could explain the reduction in fat mass seen in mice fed ALNA [10]. In addition, the LC-PUFA metabolites of ALNA can further stimulate fatty acid oxidation [11-12].

Cardiovascular disease

In confirmation of results from animal studies, epidemiological studies strongly suggest that ALNA, like EPA and DHA, reduces the risk of and fatality rates from cardiovascular disease. Mechanisms include prevention of arrhythmias, blood pressure reduction, anti-inflammatory effects, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and possibly a reduction in serum lipids [2, 13]. Epidemiological studies of various types find an association between increased intake of ALNA and lower risk of coronary artery disease and ischemic heart disease, lower risk of myocardial infarction, lower rate of cardiovascular disease mortality, and lower all cause mortality [1-2, 13-14]. Both primary and secondary prevention trials have provided further evidence for many of these benefits [13].

Not all studies have shown a benefit, however. Although the evidence is strong for most of the mechanisms of action, results from studies on the effect of ALNA on lipid profiles have been inconsistent [13-15]. The results from some epidemiologic studies are equivocal. This may be due to flaws or inconsistencies in study design [16]. It may also be because the effect of ALNA is more pronounced in populations with low intake of LC-PUFAs from fish. Finally, diets high in ALNA also tend to be high in trans fats, which increase cardiovascular disease risk and could confound results [2].

ALNA vs. EPA/DHA

The majority of the biological effects of ALNA are generally attributed to conversion to EPA and then DHA via desaturation and elongation. These fatty acids generally have all of the same benefits of ALNA, and then some. In human and animal studies, ALNA successfully raises tissue levels of EPA, but the conversion rate is low (less than 10%) [17]. The remaining ALNA is either beta-oxidized for other purposes or partitioned into certain tissues, such as skin [17-18]. The conversion rate to DHA is very low, so both ALNA and EPA supplementation generally fail to significantly increase tissue DHA content. It is likely that this is because DHA synthesis is regulated largely independently of tissue EPA content [17].

There is some debate over whether ALNA has important activity independently of its conversion to EPA/DHA, as the biological roles of ALNA are not well known. Research suggests that ALNA has independent anti-arrhythmic effects, effects on cholesterol metabolism and blood lipids, and anti-inflammatory effects [2, 16, 19-20]. In some tissues, such as the brain, ALNA may mimic some of the effects of the longer chain omega-3's [21]. ALNA may also play an important role in skin function [22].

Conclusion

Flaxseed oil is a good source of EFAs and a good way to change the omega-6/omega-3 ratio in the diet. It is associated with numerous health benefits. However, it is still debatable whether or not it will provide a benefit independent from EPA and DHA, which can be obtained in the diet through fish oil supplementation. Future studies may help to further define the biological role of ALNA.

[ham2]

io non sono certo il tale del "cibo è tutto e niente integratori", però certe affermazioni lasciano perplessi.
1 chilo al mese di massa magra è difficile anche per chi si fa le pere.
Se poi il concetto di "un chilo al mese" è preso alla bersagliera, allora anche strutto, pancetta, patate e maionese sono un buon stack.

L'arginina è roba vecchia di 20 anni ( il carrozzone di Saronno ) e lo ZMA è una "invenzione" di Richard Conte (?) e del clan Balco, noto più come steroid procurer & smuggler che altro.
Come certi pagliacci ora ripropongono aminoacidi AKG che Colgan consigliava nel 1994.
Zinco e magnesio sono ottimi composti; lo ZMA è una trovata commerciale ( lo studio sui marines è una boiata imperiale ).

Le accozzaglie di pubmed dicono ben poco anche agli esperti, figurarsi chi esperto non è. Ognuno ci vede quello che vuole, vedi Creatina, Glutamina etc dove per certi è un toccasana, per altri perdita di tempo, e tutti hanno gigabyetes di pubmed clutter da buttarsi in faccia.
Tant'è che il carrozzone di Saronno aveva inventato l'APL proprio sullo spunto di uno studio romano che non aveva chiarito se l'innalzamento del GH equivalesse ad aumento della massa magra o cosa.

[shorinryu]

be guarda quello che tu dice accozzaglia di MEDLINE e' il piu' grande database di ricerca internazionale di medicina e io lo utilizzo per lavoro all' universita'. Se non esci nel medline dove sono lisate le piu' prestigoise riviste accademiche non sei nessuno.

per quanto riguarda l' arginina che vuol dire perche' e' vecchia non funziona?

La risposta al protocollo e' individuale, dipende dall' eta', dieta, valori fisiologici ma posso dirti che molte persone usando questo protocollo hanno avuto successo. Poi anche li vale il ragionamento genetica

Almeno con te si puo' parlare, ma poi viene da ridere nel sentire flaxseed oil e' pericoloso MaH!!!

La creatine ethyl ester e' superiore alla creatina e porta un incremento di massa muscolare

comunque un altro interessante articolo sull arginina:


What is it and where does it come from?

Arginine is a semi-essential amino acid. It is a building block of protein that performs a myriad of physiological functions. It is a known precursor of the gas nitric oxide [N02].

Arginine is an amino acid that the body cannot make naturally. Therefore it is important to consume foods that are rich in arginine.1

Arginine is found in high concentrations in nuts and seeds like peanuts and almonds. It can also be found in chocolate and raisins. Dietary fiber is important because it keeps the digestive system functioning properly. It enhances our body's ability to use other dietary nutrients. Fiber goes through our digestive tract almost completely undigested. Once it reaches the colon and/or the large intestine, fiber is then broken down.

What does it do and what scientific studies give evidence to support this?

Arginine is necessary for the execution of many physiological processes. These physiological processes include hormone secretion, an increase in growth hormone output, the removal of toxic waste products from the body, and immune system defenses.2


Because Arginine is a precursor of nitric oxide [which is responsible for vasodiolation 3] it is often used for treating conditions such as chest cramping [angina], high blood pressure, heart disease, and sexual dysfunction. Arginine is also used in the treatment of male and female infertility.

Recently, dietary supplements containing Arginine have become popular due to Arginine's nitric oxide producing ability, its ability to scavenge free radicals, as well as its ability to signal muscle cells, release growth hormone, remove bad cholesterol, and enhance fat metabolism. Arginine helps regulate salt levels in the body. 4

For this reason it should be of interest to competing bodybuilders, as retaining water under the skin can make one looks smooth, bloated and washed out. The nitrogen retaining abilities of Arginine are well-known within the bodybuilding and scientific communities. Arginine is also believed to be crucial for muscle growth due to its vasodilating abilities, as well as its ability to participate in protein synthesis. 5

Who needs it and what are some symptoms of deficiency?

Everyone. Populations in particular need of arginine are growing children, infants, athletes, the obese or overweight, and the elderly. In adult populations Arginine is considered to be a non-essential amino acid. For children, by contrast, Arginine is essential to the defense and development of the adolescent immune system.

Persons suffering from injury can benefit from supplemental arginine, as demand for arginine is increased during times of bodily injury and repair.6 Persons suffering from erectile dysfunction or sexual dysfunction may also benefit from use of Arginine due to its vasodilating properties. In cases of erectile dysfunction or poor circulation of the extremities, Arginine will act to increase the diameter of blood vessels, thereby allowing increased blood flow to reach constricted areas.

Arginine presents benefits to hard training athletes. Supplementing with Arginine may boost the immune system, thereby allowing the athlete to train harder and avoid the detrimental effects of minor illnesses associated with overtraining.

Athletes who are discontinuing the use of androgenic or anabolic steroids may benefit from supplemental arginine because steroids often lead to hypertension, and the accumulation of bad cholesterol. Arginine has been shown to help reverse these conditions.

Due to Arginines ability to increase growth hormone levels, its ability to encourage lipid oxidization, its ability to lower blood pressure, and its ability to decrease arterial plaque, supplemental arginine may prove beneficial for obese persons.

How much should be taken? Are there any side effects?

Individuals with existing heart or psychiatric conditions should consult with their physician prior to supplementing with Arginine. With any amino acid containing product, overdose is a possibility. Dosing with too much arginine can lead to diarrhea, weakness and nausea. Clear dosing guidelines have not yet been established, so it is best to do what is known as "tolerance mapping".

Take a small dosage for one week, note the benefits and the side effects, and increase the dosage until the benefits are maximized and the side effects minimized. Over time the two will converge and you will hit the optimal dose. This process is similar to "receptor mapping" for bodybuilders who use insulin and steroids.

Many protein powders on the market are fortified with amino acids, including arginine. With this in mind, pay particular attention to how much arginine you are ingesting from sources. If you do not feel comfortable following the above described procedure, it is always best to follow the directions as prescribed on the products label.




REFERENCES

1. Alternative Medical Review. 2002, Dec;7 (6):512-22.
2. Appleton, J. 2002. Arginine: Clinical potential of a semi-essential amino.
3. Nakaki T; Kato R. 1994. Beneficial circulatory effect of L-arginine. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. Oct, 66:2, 167-71
4. http://1001herbs.com/l-arginine/
5. Reyes AA; Karl IE; Klahr S Role of arginine in health and in renal disease [editorial] American Journal of Physiology, 1994 Sep, 267:3 Pt 2, F331-46
6. Albina JE, Mills CD, Barbul A, Thirkill CE, Henry WL Jr, Mastrofrancesco B, Caldwell MD. Arginine metabolism in wounds. American Journal of Physiology 1988;254:E459-E467.



Peace!

[shorinryu]

What is it and where does it come from?

Creatine Ethyl Ester HCL (CEE) is creatine monohydrate with an ester attached. Esters are organic compounds that are formed by esterification - the reaction of carboxylic acid and alcohols.


What does it do and what scientific studies give evidence to support this?
Regular creatine monohydrate has been shown effective at increasing lean muscle mass1,2,3,4, muscle strength5,6 and athletic performance.7,8

However, regular creatine monohydrate is absorbed poorly by the body - and its effectiveness is dependant upon the cells ability to absorb it. The poor absorption rate of regular creatine monohydrate requires the creatine user to ingest large dosages of creatine to achieve desired effect.

Because creatine draws water to the cell, and because most ingested creatine monohydrate is not absorbed, unabsorbed creatine will sit outside of the target cell with the water, and this will result in the "creatine bloat."

Long-term clinical studies have proven that creatine monohydrate is safe for use by persons free of medical complication9, but why would you want to ingest more creatine monohydrate than you have to simply because your creatine is inefficient?

Creatine ethyl ester is creatine monohydrate with an ester attached. The attachment of an ester is significant, because esters are found in the fat tissue of animals. But, why is this important? What role does this have in the absorption of creatine?

All substances that you put into your body will affect its operation. There are three ways that substances can affect a cells operation. They are:

Ligand binding to protein receptor sites.
Secondary messenger / metabotropic systems
Passive permeation of the cell wall via lipids
When a substance enters the body and affects the bodies operation, it is known as a ligand. The soma and dendrites of the cell have protein receptor sites to which ligands can bind. The process of a ligand binding with a receptor site is akin to a lock and key: only keys of a certain shape work with certain locks. When they work and cause the cells stimulation they are called agonists. When they block the cell from functioning they are called antagonists.



When a ligand binds with the receptor site of a target cell, the cell, in the simplest of cases, changes its shape, opens up its ion channels and changes its function. In so-called "secondary messenger" or metabotropic cells, the ligand binds with the receptor site and an internal protein known as a g-protein is released. This released protein then binds to an internal site inside of the cell, and then the cell changes its behavior by opening its ion channels. Cells that operate in this way are known as metabotropic cells because their operation requires metabolic energy.

Passive permeation is a process that describes the diffusion of a substance across a cell membrane through the use of lipids as transport mechanisms. Because no "work" is being done by the cell in this model, this model is called passive permeation.

Creatine monohydrate utilizes lipids to permeate the cell wall and enter the cell. Because of this, the esterification of creatine, and the presence of esters in animal fat tissue, becomes significant.

Creatine monohydrate is semi-lipopholic. This means that it inefficiently uses fat as a transport mechanism. The esterification of substances will increase their lipopholic abilities, and thus esterified creatine will use fat more efficiently to permeate the cell wall and exert its effects upon cellular function than its unesterified creatine monohydrate counterpart.

This means, simply, that not only will dosage requirements be lower, but the absorption of esterified creatine will be increased and the infamous "creatine bloat" will be eliminated!


Who needs it and what are some symptoms of deficiency?
Creatine Ethyl Ester can benefit persons of all ages, as it displays the same benefits as regular creatine monohydrate. Many multiple sclerosis patients are classified as creatine non-responders, but with the improved absorption seen with CEE this may not be the case.

REFERENCES

1. Racette SB. Creatine supplementation and athletic performance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2003 Oct;33(10):615-21.

2. Kreider, R.B., 1999. Dietary supplements and the promotion of muscle growth with resistance exercise. Sports Medicine 27:97-110.

3. Becque, M.D., et al. 2000. Effects of oral creatine supplementation on muscular strength and body composition. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 32: 654-658.

4. Ingwal JS, Weiner CD, Morales MF, Davis E, Stockdale FE: Specificity of creatine in the control of muscle protein synthesis. J Cell Biol 63:145-151, 1974.

5. Rawson ES, Volek JS. Effects of creatine supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength and weightlifting performance. J Strength Cond Res. 2003 Nov;17(4):822-31.

6. Kambis KW, Pizzedaz SK. Short-term creatine supplementation improves maximum quadriceps contraction in women. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2003 Mar;13(1):87-96.

7. Gill ND, Hall RD, Blazevich AJ. Creatine serum is not as effective as creatine powder for improving cycle sprint performance in competitive male team-sport athletes. J Strength Cond Res. 2004 May;18(2):272-5.

8. Rawson, E.S., et al. 1999. Effects of 30 days of creatine ingestion in older men. European Journal of Applied Physiology 80: 139-144.

9. Sosin D.M., Sniezek J.E., Thurman D.J.. Incidence of mild and moderate brain injury in the United States, 1991. Brain Inj 1996 Jan;10(1):47-54.

vado un po' fuori tema ma anche da voi fa cosi' caldo!! A londra si crepa :

[^Squall^]

vado un po' fuori tema ma anche da voi fa cosi' caldo!! A londra si crepa :

Forse x via delle esplosioni.

[ham2]

[QUOTE ]be guarda quello che tu dice accozzaglia di MEDLINE e' il piu' grande database di ricerca internazionale di medicina e io lo utilizzo per lavoro all' universita'.[/QUOTE]

io dico che su siti americani tipo steroidology, muscletalk etc c'erano sapientoni che si spalavano merd@ addosso sostenendo opinioni contrapposte su tutto; naturalmente con pubmed, medline etc per terabyte a supporto.

Almeno con te si puo' parlare, ma poi viene da ridere nel sentire flaxseed oil e' pericoloso MaH!!!

io non ho detto niente al riguardo.

bisogna poi prendere passaggi da riviste scientifiche con cautela, perchè il parallelo tra atleti giovani in buona salute ed ustionati gravi, arteriosclerotici, feriti gravi, affetti da herpes anale o con chissà quale rara patologia, è molto esile.

[Fighter]

Forse x via delle esplosioni.

perdonami ma questa battuta è un po' fuori luogo e di cattivo gusto visti i recenti fatti di cronaca....

[Fighter]

A parte che gli studi sono spesso e volentieri finanziati dalle case detentrici dei brevetti, il che un minimo mi fa pensare ad un minimo di imparzialità.

Detto questo, quasi sempre la documentazione che tu riporti è tratta da studi osservativi, che tradotto vuol dire: a 5 persone faccio prendere l'integratore X e alle altre 5 un bicchiere di limonata. Poi vedo cosa succede tra 10 giorni.
Considerate le tue qualifiche non mi soffermo sul fatto che troppi fattori possono inficiare questi risultati empirici.

Oppure i test vengono fatti sul risultato di esami ematici. Beh, anche qui è teoria. L'innalzamento di testosterone nel sangue NON equivale automaticamente ad una miglior prestazione sportiva. Vedi il tribulus, pare sia realmente efficace nel coadiuvare malattie sessuali tipo l'impotenza o la ridotta libido. Certo, te lo fa alzare.... ma di qui a dire che è ottimo per lo sport....

[shorinryu]

Sono concorde con Fighter che battuta stupida e di cattivo gusto! A Londra sono morte 72 persone e una italiana e' dispersa (I would say ban the idiot!!)

Ham: non mi riferivo a te per il flaxseed oil!

Fighter: sono d' accordo alcuni studi sono finanziati da case farmacologiche ma questo e' dichiarato nell' Abstract o nell' articolo cosi' puoi farti un opinione. Generalmente sono molto attento nel riportare studi scientifici, e poi non mi baso solo su teoria molti supplementi che credo funzionino li uso con gli atleti che seguo (quindi analisi sangue, controllo funzioni epatiche etc... sono fatti all' inizio e alla fine)

Comunque meno male discorsi costruttivi e intelligenti!

[^Squall^]

Sarà di cattivo gusto, ma ci sta bene uguale.....e se nn volete ridere, cazzi vostri.
Mika mi rovino la vita e il divertimento x dei fondamentalisti islamici ke i governi del mondo sono così stupidi da non eliminare con le bombe atomiche.
cmq fine Off topic.

[CAP]

Sarà di cattivo gusto, ma ci sta bene uguale.....e se nn volete ridere, cazzi vostri.
Mika mi rovino la vita e il divertimento x dei fondamentalisti islamici ke i governi del mondo sono così stupidi da non eliminare con le bombe atomiche.
cmq fine Off topic.

ecco finisci di dire cazzate che è meglio! (e credo che ti sei aggiudicato il mio primo insulto e parolaccia su 1250 post!) §75

[ham2]

il CEE non l'ho provato; stavo usando creapure e mi trovavo bene; anche con il kre-alkalyn mi trovavo bene.
Anni & anni fa la vecchia monoidrata mi dava crampi e diarrea...e dire che la compravo dal primo che vantava creatina tedesca quando i grandi nomi non sapevano neanche cosa fosse.

[shorinryu]

La creapure e' la migliore mono;la uso anche io. La CEE e' da poco che e' sul mercato ed e' la forma superiore di creatina al momento, molte case di supplementi americane la iniziano a produrre.

Io sto provando, dopo molte ricerhe su forum americani la Omega thunder (la migliore fino adesso non ho trovato nessuno che ne parla male) e devo dire sono impressionato dai risultati ( pump e hardness e ti da una forza esagerata)comunque consiglio sempre di usare il milk thistle (Per il fegato) e bere litri di acqua.

La thunder e' una combinazione:

Creatine Ethyl Ester 2,400mg
Glycerol Monostearate 2000mg
Glucuronolactone 800mg
Potassium Phosphate 400mg
Sodium Phosphate 280mg
Methylxanthines 112mg
Niacinamide 80mg
Pyridoxine HCL 8mg

Directions: Take 8 capsules on an empty stomach, 30 minutes prior to workout.

Creatine Ethyl Ester HCL

The base of your new performance catalyst is creatine-ethyl-ester HCL (CEE) produced with maximum purity and consumer safety in mind. A revolutionary design, CEE is lightyears beyond even the purest creatine monohydrate, malate, or whatever salt you would like to utilize. The ester increases lipophilic properties and maximizes absorption and utilization properties. But, what most don't know is that the sick results users have been reporting with CEE powder is only the beginning of what is actually capable with this compound.

Glycerol

Omega Sports Supplements then adds glycerin powder to Thunder, which enhances the absorption of the CEE dramatically. The unique properties of glycerin will force the uptake and utilization of the most powerful ergogenic advancement since legal steroids, CEE.

Glucuronolactone

Glucuronolactone is a potent glucose metabolite; a form of glucuronic acid. Utilized by intensely exercising individuals, glucuronolactone has been shown to increase exercise capacity, reduce required rest times between sets, and magnifies a sense of well being. A perfect companion for any hard training athlete.

Omega's revolutionary formula also gives a great energy push in the form of methylxanthines, b-vitamins niacinamide & pyridoxine hcl, and electrolytes potassium and sodium.

Methylxanthines

Methylxanthines have the unique ability to rev your body up for training by stimulating Na+ and K(+) -ATPase activity in skeletal muscle, stimulating the central nervous system for neurological control, relaxing smooth muscle in the bronchials to allow for easier air passage, and by increasing intracellular levels of cyclic AMP. What all of this means is an extra kick in the right direction right when you need it.

The supporting cast

Niacinamide and pyrodixine hcl are required to properly utilize energy during intense training sessions. Both vitamins are water soluble and are easily be lost during perspiration.

As you would expect, Omega Sports Supplements did not utilize just any forms of potassium and sodium as electrolytes. Knowing the critical importance of phosphates in the storage of creatine as a high energy substrate in muscle tissue, Omega Sports keyed it's effort upon potassium and sodium phosphates.

So not only will users experience the revitalizing neuro-signaling electrolytes, but also actually have a greater ability to perform than if no phosphate were supplemented with the extremely powerful CEE.



Questo e' un thread che e' rappresentativo dei centinaia sulla Thunder

http://anabolicminds.com/forum/showt...=omega+thunder

Bravo CAP

[CAP]

Bravo CAP

anche se del resto che hai scritto su questo thread non condivido quasi nulla... ...grazie comunque